I think that the environment the child experiences while growing up will effect how they develop. The outside world has many influences that can affect a child, not just how attached the child is to a parent, or caregiver. Many different things can occur that could affect how the child eventually develops. For example, if a child experiences a lot of violence while growing up outside of the home the child may become violent without the attachment they had with their parents affecting it. It ultimately depends on the child and the circumstances the child faces.
In a way this issue is still the attachment variable. The child develops his/her attachment levels based on the environment the parent or guardian creates. The area's beyond the environmental effect on attachment, might not directly effect the well being of the child though I see how it is a possibility.